[Must-see for beginners] Introducing the terminology "Ta line" related to real estate investment

Terminology that you encounter for the first time when you start real estate investment.There are a lot of kanji and English horizontal characters.There are many similar words, and I think that many people are confused at first because they do not know what they are.I would like to divide it into several times and explain the terminology related to real estate investment.Please click the word you are interested in from the table of contents.

Category XNUMX Residential Area

It is one of the land use districts according to the City Planning Act, and is defined as an area for protecting the residential environment.As a general rule, the limit of the building coverage ratio is 50%, 60% or 80%, and the limit of the floor area ratio is specified by city planning within the range of 100% to 500%.The following usage regulations are enforced in this land use area.

what can be built

1.Housing, condominium, dormitory, boarding house, library
2.Kindergartens, elementary schools, junior high schools, high schools, universities, vocational schools, hospitals, public baths, nursing homes
3.Store (Limited to 3,000 square meters or less)
Four.Office (Limited to 4 square meters or less)
Five.Factories with a working area of ​​5 square meters or less where there is very little risk of danger or environmental deterioration
6.Hotels and ryokans (limited to those of 3,000 square meters or less),
7.Bowling alleys, skating rinks, golf driving ranges, etc. (Limited to 3,000 square meters or less)
8.Driving school (limited to 3,000 square meters or less)

Items that cannot be built are shops, offices, factories, hotels, inns, amusement facilities, entertainment facilities, driving schools, and warehouses for warehousing other than those listed above.

Type XNUMX exclusive middle-to-high-rise residential zone

In the City Planning Act, it is defined as an area established to protect a good residential environment for medium- and high-rise housing.The limit of the building coverage ratio is specified in the restricted area within the range of 30% to 60%, and the limit of the floor area ratio is within the range of 100% to 500%.The following usage regulations are enforced in this land use area.

what can be built

1.Housing, condominium, dormitory, boarding house, library
2.Kindergartens, elementary schools, junior high schools, high schools, universities, vocational schools, hospitals, public baths, nursing homes
3 square meters or less at stores (daily goods stores, coffee shops, barber shops, merchandise stores, restaurants, banks, etc.)
4. Factories such as bakeries with a working area of ​​2 square meters or less on the second floor or less

Items that cannot be built are stores and offices other than those listed above, factories other than those listed above, hotels, inns, amusement facilities, entertainment facilities, driving schools, and warehouses for the warehousing industry.

Type XNUMX exclusive low-rise residential zone

Under the City Planning Act, it is defined as an area designated to protect a good residential environment for low-rise housing, and the height of buildings is limited to 10m (or 12m) or less.The limit of the building coverage ratio is specified in the city planning within the range of 30% to 60%, and the limit of the floor area ratio is within the range of 50% to 200%.

what can be built

1.Housing, condominium, dormitory, boarding house, library
2.Kindergartens, elementary schools, junior high schools, high schools, public baths, nursing homes

Things that cannot be built are universities, vocational schools, hospitals, shops, offices, factories, hotels, inns, amusement facilities, entertainment facilities, driving schools, and warehouses for the warehousing industry.

Large-scale repair work

Planned repair work aimed at preventing the deterioration of buildings that occurs over time. The goal is to restore the performance and functions of problem areas to a state where they can be used without hindrance, and to restore the building to its original level of construction. is.

Type XNUMX residential area

In the City Planning Act, it is defined as an area established mainly to protect the residential environment.As a general rule, the building coverage ratio limit is 50%, 60% or 80%, and the floor area ratio limit is within the range of 100% to 500%.

what can be built

1.Housing, condominium, dormitory, boarding house, library
2.Kindergartens, elementary schools, junior high schools, high schools, universities, vocational schools, hospitals, public baths, nursing homes
3.Store (less than 10000 square meters)
Four.Office (no size limit)
Five.Factories with a working area of ​​5 square meters or less where there is very little risk of danger or environmental deterioration
6.Hotel/Ryokan (no size limit)
7.Bowling alley, skating rink, golf driving range, karaoke box, pachinko parlor, mahjong parlor, etc. (no size limit)
8.Driving school (no area limit)

Things that cannot be built are factories, amusement facilities, entertainment facilities, and warehouses for warehousing other than those listed above.

Type XNUMX exclusive middle- and high-rise residential districts

In the City Planning Act, it is defined as an area established mainly to protect a good residential environment pertaining to medium- and high-rise housing.The building coverage ratio limit is specified in the city planning within the range of 30% to 60%, and the floor area ratio limit is within the range of 100% to 500%.

what can be built

1.Housing, condominium, dormitory, boarding house, library
2.Kindergartens, elementary schools, junior high schools, high schools, universities, vocational schools, hospitals, public baths, nursing homes
3.Stores (Limited to 2nd floor or less and 1,500 square meters or less. All industries are possible.)
Four.Office (Limited to 4nd floor or less and 2 square meters or less)
5. Factories such as bakeries with a working area of ​​2 square meters or less on the second floor or less

Things that cannot be built are shops, offices, factories, hotels, inns, amusement facilities, entertainment facilities, driving schools, and warehouses for warehousing other than those listed above.

Type XNUMX exclusive low-rise residential zone

In the City Planning Act, it is defined as an area established to protect a good residential environment mainly for low-rise housing.The limit of the building coverage ratio is specified in the city planning within the range of 30% to 60%, and the limit of the floor area ratio is within the range of 50% to 200%.

what can be built

1.Housing, condominium, dormitory, boarding house, library
2.Kindergartens, elementary schools, junior high schools, high schools, public baths, nursing homes
3 square meters or less at stores (daily goods stores, coffee shops, barber shops, etc.)
4. Factories such as bakeries with a working area of ​​2 square meters or less on the second floor or less

Things that cannot be built include universities, vocational schools, hospitals, shops and offices other than those listed above, factories other than those listed above, hotels, inns, amusement facilities, entertainment facilities, driving schools, and warehouses for the warehouse industry. ,is.

useful life

It is the number of years that a depreciable asset is useful.The number of years is stipulated by a ministerial ordinance on the useful life of depreciable assets.
reference:National Tax Agency useful life table　

proxy

It is a form of real estate transaction, and when a real estate agent who has been given the right of representation by the seller concludes a sales contract, the contract becomes effective with the seller.

height limit

In order to secure sunlight and ventilation for the front road and adjacent land, the upper limit is determined according to the type of use zone, altitude district, city planning, etc.Each upper limit is determined, and there are four types: absolute height limit, road oblique limit, adjacent land oblique limit, and north oblique limit.

Residential land development guideline

It is a development rule stipulated for the residential land development business that is stipulated by each local government in order to prevent the deterioration of the environment due to land development and delays in the development of public facilities due to rapid population growth.

Real estate transaction business (real estate business)

The building lots and buildings transaction business refers to a business that acts as an agent or an intermediary when buying, selling, leasing, or leasing a building lot or building within the real estate industry.Only those who have obtained a license from the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism or a prefectural governor can operate a building lots and buildings transaction business.Intermediation of rentals upon request is within the scope of the real estate business, but rental management is not included in the real estate business.

Right to claim purchase of building

The right to request the landlord to purchase the building built by the lessee at the end of the term of the leasehold.If the lease contract is not renewed, the lessee can demand the purchase of the building from the landlord.

Building area

Also known as total floor area, it is the sum of all the floor areas of each floor of a building.If the entrance, eaves, etc. exceed 2m in depth, they are included.

Group credit life insurance

Mortgage-only insurance that pays the remaining balance of the loan if the policyholder dies or becomes severely disabled during the repayment period, regardless of the ownership of the house, the repayment ratio, etc.

Collateral (Tampo)

In the event that the borrower becomes unable to repay the loan, the creditor is provided with real estate or a guarantor that has a value equivalent to the borrowed amount.

collateral appraisal value

It is one of the criteria for judging a loan, and it is used to evaluate whether the collateral property is worth the amount of the loan.

Regional district

Land within the city planning area stipulated by the City Planning Act is classified according to its characteristics and purpose of use, and what kind of use it should be used for.In city planning, there are 21 designated types of regional districts, and there are restrictions on usage and floor area ratio.

easement

It is the right to use someone else's land for your own land, and there is an easement to pass through someone else's land.

superficies

The right to use land for the purpose of owning a structure or bamboo tree on someone else's land, established for actions that are complete only on that land.

lot number

It is a number assigned by the registry office to each piece of land used in real estate registration.Lot numbers are used for land registration management, and banchi are residential numbers for buildings.

Chimoku

It is classification by use of land.There are a total of 23 categories, including residential land, fields, fields, and forests.

intermediary

Also known as an intermediary, it refers to the establishment of a contract between a seller and a buyer.The main business is sales activities, adjustment of contract conditions, preparation of documents, explanation of important matters, and other administrative procedures. have different conditions.

Brokerage fee

After concluding an intermediary contract, the real estate company searches for buyers and sellers.The real estate company performs a series of activities such as property assessment, advertising activities, and document preparation until the transaction is completed.

Parking lot maintenance district

It is a district designated by city planning, and it is a regional district that is obliged to install parking facilities stipulated to relieve congestion of automobile traffic.

Direct reduction method

It is one of the income capitalization methods and represents a method of calculating the price of real estate by dividing the net income (estimated rent income minus management expenses etc.) for a certain period of time by the capitalization rate.
Annual Net Income ÷ Capitalization Rate
Calculated by

Lease agreement

It is a contract in which land and properties are used and profited for a fee.The lessor will bear the obligation to use the object and repair it if necessary, and the lessee will bear the obligation to restore it to its original state when returning the rent.

DSCR

The loan redemption margin ratio is an index to see the safety of loan repayment.
Net Operating Income (NOI) ÷ Amount of Principal and Interest Repayments
Calculated by NOI is the profit after deducting various expenses from the rental income.

DCF method

One of the income capitalization methods is to convert the net income for each period that is expected to be generated in the future into the present value and accumulate the income every year. It is a method of discounting the price to the current value in consideration of the risk that the rent will decrease in 1 year and 2 years, and the total amount will be the real estate price.

Fixed-term land lease

Leasehold is the right to be incorporated into the contract when leasing land for the purpose of building a building, and fixed-term land lease is to determine the period.

Fixed-term building lease (fixed-term rental)

When the period stipulated in the contract expires, the lease contract will be definitively terminated without being renewed.Also, at the end of the contract period, the lessee must be notified of the termination of the contract between one year and six months before the expiration of the period.

mortgage

It is the right to use as collateral in case you are unable to repay the real estate loan.The registration of this mortgage by a financial institution that lends money is called registration of mortgage setting.In addition, when the loan is paid off, it is necessary to take procedures to cancel the mortgage set on the land and building.

dead cross

Although the company is profitable on the books, it is actually in the red due to the tax imposed.

registration

It is to clarify who owns the land and buildings, and to record it in public books managed by the Legal Affairs Bureau.Information such as what kind of real estate and how much money the owner has borrowed from financial institutions is recorded in the ledger.

Certificate of Registered Matters

It is also called a certified copy of the real estate registry, and refers to a document that describes the contents of the registration.

Registration and license tax

The tax to be paid to the country during the registration process is calculated by multiplying the assessed value of the land or building (fixed asset tax assessed value) by the tax rate.

Oblique road restriction

The height of the building is limited to ensure the lighting and ventilation of the road.Different contents are defined for each use area.

Dorodsuke

It is also called a road contact condition, and it indicates in which direction the road is in contact with the site.

Special use district

One of the regions and districts stipulated by the City Planning Act, designated by municipalities as a district set to enforce more detailed building regulations than land-use districts.

city ​​planning area

It is an area designated by the prefectural governor based on the City Planning Act that requires maintenance, development, or preservation of the urban area as a single city.

City planning tax

It is a tax for the purpose of allocating expenses for city planning projects and land readjustment projects.

Landslide warning area

This is an area of ​​land that requires a special warning and evacuation system to protect the lives of Tokyo residents from disasters such as debris flows, landslides, and landslides.

Transaction case comparison method

One of the real estate appraisal methods, it is a method of comparative evaluation including regional factors and individual factors from transaction cases of properties with similar conditions to the target property.

Mode of transaction

It indicates in which position the real estate company (real estate broker) is involved in the sale and rental, and there are sellers, lessors, agents, and intermediaries.

Summary

We have introduced the technical term "Ta line" related to real estate investment.

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