In order to recruit new tenants after the previous tenant has moved out, it is necessary to restore the property to its original condition.Recruitment will start after the restoration to the original state is completed, so this will be completed in as short a period as possible.I would like to keep the cost of restoration to the original state as much as possible, but how much can I charge the tenant?And how long is that period?This time we will explain the restoration reform.
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What is the definition of restoration
Residents have an obligation to restore the property to its original state, so as the owner, I want them to return everything to its original state and move out.First of all, the definition of the obligation to restore to the original state is "Among the decrease in building value caused by the lessor's (tenant's) residence and use, the lessee's intentional or negligence, violation of the duty of care of a prudent manager, and other cases that exceed normal use It is supposed to restore wear and tear caused by use.
In other words, we tend to have the image of returning the loan to the original situation, but that is not the case.Residents do not have to pay for any damage or stains that occur naturally in their lives.Then, what kind of damage is caused intentionally, negligently, or due to a violation of the duty of care of a prudent manager, other than damage and stains caused by living naturally?
Examples include stains on floors and carpets caused by spilled drinks and food, kitchen walls that have become discolored due to excessive mold and oil stains, flooring damaged by pets, and holes in walls that have been hit. corresponds to this.In other words, if the resident uses it carefully, basically it is not possible to claim the restoration cost.
What is the scope of restoration to the original state?
When you move out, it is easy to get in trouble over the settlement of moving out costs, and it is sometimes difficult to draw a line on deterioration.
I would like to use the security deposit as the cost of repairs, but how much will the tenant be able to bear?
The guidelines of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism stipulate as follows.
"Among the decrease in the building value caused by the lessee's residence and use, the lessee's willfulness or negligence, violation of the duty of care of a prudent manager, and other wear and tear caused by use exceeding normal use shall be restored."
In other words, the owner is responsible for replacing discolored tatami mats, waxing the flooring, discoloring the flooring due to normal sunlight, and dents in the floor and carpet due to the installation of furniture.On the other hand, stains and mold caused by spilling drinks on the carpet, scratches and dents on the flooring due to chairs with casters, etc. are recognized as the resident's negligence.
As for walls and ceilings (cloth), the owner is responsible for any traces of posters or paintings pasted on the walls, screw holes or traces due to the installation of air conditioners, and blackening (so-called electric burn) on the rear walls of TVs, refrigerators, etc.On the other hand, oil stains in the kitchen, nail and screw holes in the walls, and traces of lighting fixtures directly attached to the ceiling are recognized as the fault of the resident.
Damage to the glass or pillars caused by pets, intentionally or negligently, is the responsibility of the resident, but damage caused by an earthquake or natural disaster will be the responsibility of the owner.In other words, the owner is responsible for the parts that have become dirty or broken due to deterioration over time, so you can see that there are a surprising number of restoration items.
Examples of non-payment for residents include:
The room itself has upgrade elements
- Tatami surface change, inside out
- flooring waxing
- Screen replacement
- General house cleaning if the tenant is doing regular cleaning
- Internal cleaning of air conditioner
- Disinfection of kitchens, toilets, etc.
Due to natural wear and tear, normal wear and tear
- Discoloration of tatami mats, cloth, etc. due to sunlight, etc.
- Dents and traces of installation due to furniture installation
- Electrical burns on walls due to the installation of refrigerators, etc.
- Marks on posters, calendars, etc., thumbtack holes
- Screw holes and marks from air conditioner installation
- Damage such as glass breakage due to natural disasters
- Wired glass cracks, etc.
Due to aging and others
- Equipment failure due to expiration of service life
- Bathtub cracks due to service life
- Key replacement (if not damaged or lost), etc.
In addition, the following are examples of the burden on residents.
Due to violation of the duty of care of a prudent manager
- Stains and mold caused by spilled drinks
- Discoloration of tatami mats, flooring, etc. caused by carelessness such as forgetting to close the window
- Scratches and stains due to moving furniture or moving work
- Graffiti, pet scratches, stains, odors
- Wall corrosion due to water leaking from the cooler
- Oil stains on the kitchen, ventilation fan, etc.
- Water scale and mold in baths, toilets, washstands, etc.
- Lost or damaged keys
- Other damage, defacement, etc. due to negligence of the borrower
Improper management, beyond normal use
- Tobacco tar and odors
- Nail holes and screw holes for installing heavy objects
- Expansion of mold due to leaving dew condensation
Full billing may be difficult considering useful life
Also, from the standpoint of residual value at the time of moving out, the items included in the examples that are borne by the resident must be considered after deducting the decrease in value due to deterioration over time, and it may be difficult to claim the full amount for replacement. there is.
For example, according to the guidelines of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, the durable life of cloth is 6 years, and after 6 years, the residual value of cloth is 1 yen.Below is an example of useful life *The residual value is 1 yen at the end of the useful life.
Interior/Equipment
- 6 years for interior materials such as cloth, carpet, and cushion floor
- For flooring, the number of years elapsed is not considered for partial repairs, and the useful life of the building is applied when the entire floor needs to be replaced.
Equipment
- The sink has a service life of XNUMX years
- Air conditioners and stoves have a service life of 6 years
- Bookshelves, chests of drawers, and other furniture have a useful life of 8 years.
- Water supply and drainage such as toilets and washbasins, sanitary equipment, and metal appliances have a service life of 15 years.
- The service life of the building applies to unit baths and bathtubs
According to the guidelines of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, if construction is necessary due to the intention or negligence of the resident, a part of the cost of the construction will be borne by the resident as well as the equipment that can be used continuously even if the durable life has been exceeded. It is possible to do so.Therefore, if it is judged that the construction was necessary due to intentional or negligence, such as being used clearly incorrectly, you can resolutely claim even if the useful life has exceeded.
How much does restoration cost?
There are considerable differences depending on the situation and the contractor, so it is not possible to generalize, but in the case of a room of 30㎡ or less, cleaning of air conditioners, floors, dirty wallpaper cloth, cleaning of kitchens, baths and toilets, cleaning of verandas, flooring wax, For house cleaning such as cloth replacement, the market price is about 10 yen to 20 yen, which is the sum of the security deposit and the additional billed amount.If you want to upgrade from tatami mats to cushion floors, flooring, or replace the kitchen, it will cost more.The larger the room, the higher the amount, so consider collecting a security deposit in advance in consideration of moving out.
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